Protection of Inventors Ideas

Presentation The item that originates from the psyche of designers is ordinarily alluded to as protected innovation. Licensed innovation is a particular making of the human psyche or something which somebody has developed and has selective rights to make or sell, particularly something that can't lawfully be duplicated by others. The rights are a lawful insurance of the creator’s concerns.Advertising We will compose a custom exploration paper test on Protection of Inventors Ideas explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More They give the maker full rights over the whole of their creation. Licensed innovation might be a thought yet it tends to be converted into substantial item and unbounded number of duplicates be appropriated in a few pieces of the world. The substantial articles might not have the property yet the possibility of the property reflected in the duplicates. The greatest restriction with licensed innovation is the span of assurance of the property. In s pite of its elusive nature, it is viewed as an advantage which right now has supplanted unmistakable substance as a definitive monetary asset. The atmosphere of concocting and thinking of new thoughts is eclipsed by the need to ensure these thoughts. Numerous creators have seen their thoughts taken over by others without their assent or consent. Furthermore, different creators, much in the wake of licensing the thoughts, have seen their developments being gotten to and utilized without their consent. As indicated by measurable information, most thoughts are exceptionally far-fetched to become effective creations in the market. Truth be told, the achievement pace of creations relies upon how they are advertised. Studies have discovered that lone 2 percent of developments become fruitful in the wake of propelling. Be that as it may, regardless of the little achievement rate, the need to shield thoughts and developments from unapproved use is urgent to designers. Reason and criticalnes s of study Cases of copyright encroachment and taken beginning up thoughts have been exceptionally normal. In any case, researchers contend that except if one does some significant with a thought, the thought despite everything stay useless. Innovators need to take part so as to get familiar with the idea of effect their thoughts will have. A great deal of dread is related with a thought particularly at a beginning period of improvement. Creators stress whether their thoughts are beneficial and whether they will prompt a more noteworthy effect. Be that as it may, an innovator can start to claim a thought once it gets advantageous to the individuals it targets or to customers.Advertising Looking for research paper on protected innovation? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More There is maybe no uncertainty that there are a few comparable thoughts in people’s minds somewhere else. Be that as it may, the individual who starts utilizing their plan to make an incentive to clients would then be able to guarantee responsibility for thought and shields it from being abused. A creator will need to counsel others so as to additionally comprehend the feasibility of their thought. During the time spent connecting with and chatting, the designer shares the thought. Now of commitment, thoughts are as a rule a long way from great and the need to connect with causes the designer to get more understanding on the most proficient method to execute the thought. This is a significant point on the grounds that numerous thoughts have been taken through such commitment. The principal approach in securing one’s thought is insurance during these commitment. A designer is bound to make something unmistakable, the quicker the individual in question starts executing the thought. Case 1: Sony Corp versus All inclusive City Studio For this situation, Universal City Studio documented a suit against Sony for making tape player s which accompany capacity of recording music. A portion of the music created by Universal City Studios has been recorded by clients without the consent of the organization. The music is secured under copyright laws which keep clients from recording the music for any reason. Despite the fact that Sony doesn't take an interest in encroachment of copyright, the organization adds to assist encroachment of the law, as per the suit. From this case, copyright laws are believed to be one of the manners by which an individual can shield their thought from organizations and different clients. The two prescribed strides for one to take are talked about underneath. The most ideal approach to safeguard an innovation is by being hostile. The quicker a designer can start to execute their thought, the quicker it becomes to secure it through patent laws. In any case, regardless of whether one can secure each and every piece of the thought, there is an impressive enormous measure of arranging, cash, and time required. All the while, rival organizations and people might be in trying to comprehend what the thought is about. It is hence basic for one to realize when to talk about creation thoughts and with whom to examine them with. Coming up next are four safe occurrences accessible for a designer to talk about their innovation. Outside these examples, any conversation may not be viewed as safe for the idea.Advertising We will compose a custom examination paper test on Protection of Inventors Ideas explicitly for you for just $16.05 $11/page Learn More A designer can talk about innovation thoughts once the individual in question has a pending patent status or has just acquired a patent. Besides, when the execution of the thought requires a type of association, the innovator can proceed to examine the thought with the gathering required. Thirdly, in the wake of consenting to a non revelation arrangement (NDA) a creator can unreservedly talk about the thought in light of the fact that NDA limits the other individual from unveiling any data with respect to the thought. Finally, an innovator can talk about development thought while disclosing everything about a patent lawyer. On the off chance that a thought isn't talked about under these conditions, at that point undoubtedly its possibilities for progress can without much of a stretch be attacked. Interestingly, numerous innovators are either uninformed of these conditions or basically act careless in regards to them. They participate in casual discussions with untouchables who wind up executing or licensing the thoughts before the first proprietor does. Patent case: Apple versus HTC Apple Inc, a US based advanced mobile phone organization, has licensed a considerable lot of its items and thoughts. Be that as it may, because of the extraordinary rivalries existing in the advanced mobile phone industry today, it is probably going to locate a couple of encroachments of the licenses by rival organizations. In 20 10, Apple sued HTC for encroaching a portion of its protected scholarly properties. The case reached a conclusion in 2012 with a permitting understanding between the two organizations. Nonetheless, the substance of the understanding was rarely revealed. This case in this manner is the second path by which one can secure their thought. Licensed innovation is normally shielded from the time it is converted into unmistakable items. This anyway shifts with various countries. Insurance of licensed innovation is substantial just inside the period that the maker is alive. The first maker as a rule has a replacement. The replacement would guarantee all the monetary privileges of the property once the first maker passes on. There are likewise examples where an individual is utilized by an organization or an association to design and make things. Such types of protected innovation are generally possessed by the association or the business. The business would get all the financial advantages t hat emerge from deals and conveyance of the property while the first maker would just pick up the good rights.Advertising Searching for research paper on licensed innovation? How about we check whether we can support you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Find out More The first proprietor additionally maintains whatever authority is needed to permit an outsider to pick up from the financial advantages of their property. The outsider might be an organization that business sectors and disseminates the unmistakable items containing the licensed innovation anyway they need to make installments to the first proprietor as sovereignties. Transferability takes two structures, permitting and task. In task, the outsider whom the rights are doled out to turns into the legitimate proprietor of the property and can play out specific acts with it. On account of permitting, the outsider whom the rights are moved to doesn't get full responsibility for property. Taking everything into account, it is apparent that licensed innovation has supplanted substantial substance as a definitive financial asset. This has made it a fundamental resource for designers to shield from unapproved use and access through trademarks, licenses, and copyright. The need to ensure though ts and licensed innovation is additionally significant for improvement of advancement. Creators hence should know about the suitable component for guaranteeing that their thoughts are not taken by anybody. This paper has featured the different manners by which a designer can ensure their thought utilizing two methodologies. Copyright, patent, and trademarks are among the manners by which innovators should use to secure their scholarly properties. Works Cited Adamson, John E. what's more, Amanda Morrison. Law for Business and Personal Use. New York: McGraw Hill, 2011. Report. Cheeseman, Henry. Business law, Legal condition, Online trade, Business morals and International issues. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson/Prentice Hall, 2010. Report. Coase, Williams. The Aims of the Law of Tort†, Current Legal Problems. second. Oxford: Hurt Publishing, 2003. Report. Deakin, T., H. Johnston and N Markesinis. Markesinis Deakin’s Tort Law. second. Oxford: OUP, 2007. Report. This exploration paper on Protection of Inventors Ideas was composed and put together by client GwenStacy to help you with your own examinations. You are allowed to utilize it for exploration and reference purposes so as to compose your own paper; be that as it may, you should refer to it as needs be. You can give your paper here.

popular mechanics essays

well known mechanics papers Well known Mechanics: Why Less Allows More Typically a story starts with a work, which presents the characters, setting and plot. In the short story Popular Mechanics by Raymond Carver, the composition is barred. The story starts with a short ascent in real life, moves rapidly to the peak and thoroughly excludes the goals. Carver utilizes third individual target portrayal to uncover the activities and the exchange between a man and a lady. The storyteller gives next to no illustrative subtleties, never uncovering the characters considerations or their inspiration. This permits the peruser the opportunity to decipher and build up their own assessments of the setting, plot, and characters of the story. This likewise invigorates the peruser to be a functioning peruser to consider what is perused, to pose inquiries, and to react to the writers style of composing. Right off the bat, the storyteller gives little detail all through the entire story. The best measure of detail is given in th e primary passage where the storyteller depicts the climate. This depiction establishes the pace and mind-set of the occasions that follow. Giving the feeling that a chilly, wet, hopeless night was in Keen 2 the creation. In any case, it was getting dim within as well (265), this portending uncovers that not exclusively was the day reaching a conclusion, yet something different was going to end. Carver departs further advancement of the setting to the creative mind of the peruser. It could occur at whatever century or in any city, state, or nation. There have been male-female connections since the very beginning, in each edge of the world. The story is all inclusive and ageless. This absence of detail permits perusers to build up a setting that fits with their way of life. Furthermore, there isn't a conspicuous article to give the peruser precise data with respect to who, what, where, when or why. On the underlying perusing of the story the plot has all the earmarks of being, just, about a man and lady in strife over a... <!

Literature Review On Remote Sensing Environmental Sciences Essay

Writing Review On Remote Sensing Environmental Sciences Essay Remote detecting is the science or craft of obtaining data about the Earths surface without really being in contact with it. This is finished by detecting and recording reflected or radiated vitality and preparing, investigating, and applying that data. In a lot of remote detecting, the procedure includes a collaboration between occurrence radiation and the objectives of intrigue. (Dr. S. M. Rahman, 2001). Remote detecting makes it conceivable to gather information on risky or out of reach regions. Remote detecting applications incorporate observing deforestationâ in territories, for example, the Amazon Basin,â glacialâ features in Arctic and Antarctic areas, andâ depth soundingâ of beach front and sea profundities. Military assortment during the Cold Warâ made utilization of stalemate assortment of information about risky outskirt zones. Remote detecting additionally replaces expensive and moderate information assortment on the ground, guaranteeing in the process that regions or items are not upset. Remote detecting exceedingly impacts regular daily existence, extending fromâ weather forecastsâ to reports onâ climate changeâ orâ natural calamities. For instance, 80% of the German understudies utilize the administrations of Google Earth. (Wikipedia, 2012) In ongoing time, with keeps an eye on expanding mediations with the earth, the circumstance is irritated. The nature of accessible information is very lopsided. Land use arranging dependent on problematic information can prompt expensive and gross blunders. Soil disintegration explore is a capital-escalated and tedious exercise. Worldwide extrapolation based on hardly any information gathered by assorted and non-normalized techniques can prompt gross blunders and it can likewise prompt expensive errors and misjudgements on basic approach issues. Along these lines, remote detecting gives helpful answer for this issue. In addition, voluminous information accumulated with the assistance of remote detecting procedures are player taken care of and used with the assistance of Geographical Information System (GIS). (M. H. Mohamed Rinos, 2000) There are two unique methodologies that can be embraced for deciding the attributes of avalanche from remote detecting information. The principal approach decides increasingly subjective attributes, for example, number, dispersion, type and character of flotsam and jetsam stream. This can be accomplished with either satellite or air borne symbolism gathered in the noticeable and infrared areas of the range. The following methodology supplements the subjective portrayal, assessing measurements (for example length, width, thickness and nearby incline, movement, and garbage circulation) along and over the mass development. (V. Singhroy, 2004) Writing Review on Geographical Information System (GIS) Land Information System (GIS) is utilized to organize the PC equipment, programming, and geographic information. It enables the individuals to communicate, examine, recognize relationship and discover the answers for the issues. The framework is intended to catch, store, update, control, examine, and show contemplated information and used to perform examinations (ESRI, 2005). Since 1970s, GIS has been utilized to break down different conditions. In any case, the broad use of GIS to hydrologic and water driven demonstrating and flood mapping and the executives start from mid 1990s. (Maidment, 2000). GIS can speak to rise as far as topographic surfaces is fundamental to geomorphological examinations and in this manner to the significance of speaking to geography utilizing Digital Elevation Model (DEM). It is through the conveyance of soil that the land surface changes over the long haul thus the capacity to connect residue move with DEM changes. (Schmidt, 2000) ArcView GIS work area programming gave the devices of guide includes that will influence a propertys worth, for example, crime percentages, natural dangers, and the state of encompassing neighborhoods and properties. ESRIs ArcGIS is a GIS which is working with maps and geographic data. ArcGIS programming can be utilized for following capacities: making and utilizing maps, assembling geographic information, investigating mapped data, sharing and finding geographic data, utilizing maps and geographic data in a scope of utilizations, and overseeing geographic data in database. (Wikipedia, ArcGIS, 2012). The ArcGIS gives instruments to developing maps and geographic data. Writing survey on soil disintegration Soil disintegration is one type of soil debasement alongside soil compaction, low natural issue, and loss of soil structure, poor interior waste, salinization, and soil causticity issues (Wall, 2003). At the point when the corruption of the dirt is quitting any and all funny business, it will contribute in quicken the dirt disintegration. Soil disintegration is a characteristic procedure; it for the most part doesn't make any serious issue nature. The dirt is conveyed by the operators, for example, wind, water, ice, creatures, and the utilization of apparatuses by man. Soil disintegration is an extremely moderate procedure and even unnoticeable at some point, however it might happen at a disturbing rate which causing the loss of topsoil. Ranchers overall are losing around 24 billion tons of topsoil every year. In creating nations, on account of the populace pressure powers land to be all the more seriously cultivated, the disintegration rates per section of land are twice as high as the norm. The dirt disintegration likewise will influence the profitability and development. This is on the grounds that when the dirts are drained and crops get poor sustenance from the dirt, the nourishment gives poor sustenance to individuals. The pace of misfortunes soil is quicker than the production of new soil. The contrast among creation and misfortune speaks to a yearly loss of 7.5 to 10 tons for each section of land around the world. (DeHaan, 1992) The dissolved soil that enters waterway will diminish the water quality, lessens the proficiency of the points of interest waste framework and furthermore diminishes the capacity limit of lakes. Dregs is the disintegrated soil that settles in the water frameworks. Amassing of the silt will diminish the limit of a waterway or supplies to hold rising water. Consequently, it requires a great deal of cash to clean the dregs regularly and physically. Silt likewise can hinder the daylight for oceanic plant and restrain fish bringing forth. The water gets undependable for drinking if there is spillover of synthetic and supplements from encompassing ranchers fields. In Malaysia, soil disintegration is a typical regular event. This is because of specific geography, soils and relating vegetation that prevail and the broad precipitation that the nation encounters. Be that as it may, quickened soil disintegration is turning into a major issue in Malaysia as a result of fast land use advancements. Different types of disintegration control have been proposed to build up the land in manners that are touchy to its geology. (Abdullah, 2005) Writing audit on Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation The improvement of Universal Soil Loss Equation (ULSE) at first was to help soil progressives in ranch arranging. They utilized ULSE to assess the dirt misfortune on explicit inclines in explicit fields. USLE was a guide for the progressive and rancher to control the disintegration if the assessed soil misfortune surpassed satisfactory cutoff points. Updated Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) is a science device that has been improved in the course of the most recent quite a long while. It depends on USLE and makes some enhancement for the condition. The RULSE has improved the impacts of soil unpleasantness and the impact of neighborhood climate on the forecast of soil misfortune and residue conveyance. (Updated Universal Soil Loss Equation, 2003). RUSLE can be utilized for site assessment and arranging purposes and to help in the choice in choosing disintegration control measure. The RUSLE gives numbers to validate the advantages of arranged disintegration control measures and furthermore a gauge of seriousness of disintegration. A = R.K.LS.C.P An is yearly soil misfortune (tons/ha/year). R is precipitation erosivity factor. It is a disintegration record for the given tempest time frame (MJ.mm/ha/h) K is soil erodibility factor. It is the disintegration rate for a particular soil ceaseless neglected condition on a 9% incline having a length of 22.1m (tons/ha/(MJ.mm/ha/h)) LS are topographic factor. It speaks to the slant length and the slant steepness. It speaks to the proportion of the dirt misfortune from a particular site to that from a unit site (9% incline with slant length 22.1m) while different parameters are held steady. C is the spread administration factor. It speaks to the defensive inclusion of shelter and natural material in direct contact with the ground. P is the help practice factor. It incorporates the dirt preservation tasks and other proportion of control disintegration. Writing survey on USLE and RUSLE Table 2.1 Comparison of USLE and RUSLE (Renard, 1991) Factor USLE RUSLE R In light of long haul normal precipitation conditions for explicit geographic territories Information from progressively climate stations and in this manner the worth are increasingly exact for some random area. RUSLE registers an adjustment to R. This is to mirror the impact of raindrop sway for level inclines striking water ponded on a superficial level. K In light of soil surface, natural issue substance, porousness, and different elements inborn to soil type. Acclimated to represent occasional changes, for example, freezing and defrosting, soil dampness, and soil combination. LS In view of length and steepness of incline, paying little heed to land use. Allocating new conditions dependent on the proportion of rill to interrill disintegration, and suits complex slants. C In view of trimming succession, surface buildup, surface unpleasantness, and shelter spread, with are weighted by the rate. Knots these factor into a table of soil misfortune proportions, by harvest and culturing plan. Sub factors (earlier land use, overhang spread, surface spread, surface harshness, and soil dampness) are utilized. Isolating every year into revolution of multi day interims, at that point figure the dirt misfortune proportion for every period. The worth need to recalculate on the off chance that one of the sub factors change. RUSLE gives improved appraisals of soil misfortune changes as they happen consistently, particularly identifying with surface and close to surface res

One Of My Favorite Novelists - Free Essay Example

Mark Twain has always been one of my favorite novelists. However, I was never familiar with him as a critic of religion. Frankly, I didnt hesitate what topic to pick once I saw The Damned Human Race on the list. It was not because I felt confident about writing about it but because I always wanted to learn more about this reading. Mark Twain uses a combination of pathos and logos in his article. I think Mark Twains argument is very successful besides a few misconceptions. Mark Twain compares the behavior of different animals to human beings and states that people should be classified as lower animals rather than the formerly known higher animals (1). Specifically, he compares man to different animals such as, an anaconda, squirrel, and a cat. By using those rhetorical styles Twain is able to keep his readers attention throughout the whole article. In my opinion, the introduction is well-structured because it keeps the readers attention from the beginning to the end. It also makes the reader want to learn more throughout the whole essay. The actual reading starts with the study of character traits of animals and man. However, I think that Mark Twain is pointing out too many negative features of human being versus focusing on their positive qualities. For the rest of the essay, Twain continues to mention a negative trait that is particular to humans, and immediately compares it to an animal that has the same trait. In his conclusion, the author affirms that animals are better than humans since from all the animals, man is the only one that is cruel (Mark Twain, 3). Mark Twain moves forward through his article using pathos and logos. The first time pathos is mentioned when the author talks about hunting. Twain say, In the coarse of my reading I had come across a case where, many years ago, some hunters on our Great Plains organiz ed a buffalo hunt.. (2). . Mark Twain is not afraid to stereotype the whole society by saying that all people are foolish, cruel, and greedy. A good example is when he describes men that go buffalo hunting. Those men killed seventy-two buffalo leaving seventy-one and a half of them to decay. It is important to mention that despite mark Twains hasty stereotypes, there were some realistic points provided. Based on such points the reader can conclude that the argument in Twains article is fairly successful. There is also pathos in the part when Twain talks about money. He points out that man keeps accumulating money after having excessive amounts, yet animals stop gathering food when they have enough for survival. Mark Twain concluded that man is greedy while animals are not. Along with pathos, Twain used logos. By doing so, he was trying to keep his readers attention closer. Mark Twain uses his own analysis to prove his point. He uses satire to pinpoint mans flaws, while motivating his readers to analyze their own morals. Despite his use of satire, false authority and hasty generalizations, his piece was successful.Through his vivid metaphors which he calls experiments he pulls his readers in an emotional level. He persuades his readers to examine the ill traits of humanity and see the world through his eyes. Through this metaphor he makes his readers feel sorrow for the monks, anger that people acted so viciously, and anger that the media withheld information. He was very effective in making his audience feel the emotions he felt. In conclusion the satirical style, vivid metaphors and underlying persuasion made this an exceptional read. His use of effective pathos instilled his emotional state into his work, and prompted similar feelings in his readers. His biased standpoint persuaded his readers to analyze their own morals. His writing style engaged people on an emotional level, and was able to highlight destructive behaviors that conflict with having good morals. Persuading individuals to demonstrate use of their moral sense, in such an indirect manner was an extraordinary form of literary brilliance. I both agree and disagree with Mark Twains essay. I think that he supports his believes by a number of valid points, for example, that people think only about themselves and take from nature much more then they need. However, I think that by emphasizing the details of only the negative traits of humans Mark Twain forgets about their good nature and positive sides. In my opinion, Mark Twain was able to present his article very well. the Damned Human race is well written and the author did a great job with keeping the readers attention throughout the whole article. He was able to do so by using pathos and logos.

Industrial Revolution and Social Changes - 1861 Words

Introduction: Between 1760 and 1860, technological progress, education, and an increasing capital stock transformed England into the workshop of the world. The industrial revolution, as the transformation came to be called, caused a sustained rise in real income per person in England and, as its effects spread, the rest of the Western world. Historians agree that the industrial revolution was one of the most important events in history, marking the rapid transition to the modern age, but they disagree about various aspects of the event. Of all the disagreements, the oldest one is over how the industrial revolution affected ordinary people, usually called the working classes. One group, the pessimists, argues that the living standards of†¦show more content†¦Britain emerged from the Napoleonic Wars as the only European nation not ravaged by financial plunder and economic collapse, and possessing the only merchant fleet of any useful size (European merchant fleets having been destroyed duri ng the war by the Royal navy Britains extensive exporting cottage industries also ensured markets were already available for many early forms of manufactured goods. The conflict resulted in most British warfare being conducted overseas, reducing the devastating effects of territorial conquest that affected much of Europe. This was further aided by Britains geographical position—an island separated from the rest of mainland Europe. Another theory is that Britain was able to succeed in the Industrial Revolution due to the availability of key resources it possessed. It had a dense population for its small geographical size. Enclosure of common land and the related agricultural revolution made a supply of this labour readily available. There was also a local coincidence of natural resources in the North of England, the English Midlands, South Wales and the Scottish Lowlands. Local supplies of coal, iron, lead, copper, tin, limestone and water power, resulted in excellent conditions for the development and expansion ofShow MoreRelatedThe Industrial Revolution : A Social Change1279 Words   |  6 PagesThere is no doubt that a technological change brings about a social change. The Industrial revolution saw many people displaced from their land, finding work in crowded city factories. Serfdom was abolished and the population shifted from villages to the cities. Strong family ties, self-sufficiency and the right to o ccupy land were replaced with uncertain tenancy of land, dependency on trade and a weakening of the family unit. Economically, goods and money abounded, and trade flourished. The merchantRead MoreSocial Changes During The Industrial Revolution1539 Words   |  7 PagesThe Industrial Revolution in Britain led to many social changes for the country as well as its people. Prior to the revolution, many people, especially of the lower class in terms of wealth, lived in the countryside where they worked fields to feed their own families. After the Industrial Revolution began, however, this all changed as the demand for more and more goods became abundant, and a method of increasing the supply was needed. Factories would be built in towns by the upper class businessRead MoreIndustrial Revolution : A Time Of Social And Economic Change1169 Words   |  5 PagesThe Industrial Revolution was a time of social and economic change which emphasized the power of humanity over nature. It was also an era of change which consisted of inventions that were mass produced to make life easier between 1750 and 1914. Although the Industrial Revolution led to efficient transportation and made Great Britain the center of world commerce, only the upper class got to truly enjoy that. The Industrial Revolution had spread to all around the world so the impact was more brutalRead MorePrimary Sources and Social Change of the Industrial Revolution1740 Words   |  7 PagesPrimary Sources and Social Change of the Industrial Revolution The impact of the Industrial Revolution on the standard of living of working class people is, and has been frequently debated. There is a mass of primary and secondary sources of evidence from the time of the Industrial Revolution available to support differing views of the debate, and there are also many novels available that were written at the time which criticise industrial society, but the difficulty of Read MoreThe Industrial Revolution Was A Radical Process Of Social And Economic Change1806 Words   |  8 PagesThe Industrial Revolution was a radical process of social and economic change. Energy was a major incentive to the agricultural society to the industrial. Until James Watt created the steam engine, which deployed rapidly starting in the 1780s, animal and human power were the primary sources of energy (Clare). During the last three decades of the century, electricity and gasoline-fuels engines further expanded productivity (Clare). A factory system with machine manufacturing and divisions of laborRead MoreThe Industrial Revolution Was A Period Of Significant Social And Political Change Essay2146 Words   |  9 PagesThe Industrial Revolution was a period of significant social and political change, constituted through the rise of science, increasing democracy, urbanisation, the growth of the state global isation. This period of time changed the way people worked and went about their everyday lives. The shift from agrarian societies to a system where people were paid for their labour, resulted in urbanisation. This was also aided by the mass production of goods being manufactured in factories in order to makeRead Moreâ€Å"Social Classes Role in Bringing About Change During the Industrial Revolution1065 Words   |  5 PagesThe industrial revolution, a period of transition and innovation, inevitably brought with it changes. Life for both rich and poor was changed. The Industrial Revolution brought about the birth of two classes: The middle class and the working class. In the article â€Å"The Communist Manifesto† (1848) by Karl Marx, it states that â€Å"Marx saw the oppression of the worker by those who owned means of production.†(1) Did the Industrial Revolution benefit both, or yet cause grievance in one and be beneficialRead MoreIndustrial, French, and American Re volutions: Common Social Revolutions?764 Words   |  4 Pageshistory there have been many important revolutions that have help to shape society as it is today. There are different causes, from political to religious, economic to social. Any revolution affects those in society, and creates changes for the people in the society. There are three important revolutions that took place in the late 18th century that changed the world for the better. The French Revolution, the American Revolution, and the Industrial Revolution all took place in the late 1700s. AlthoughRead MoreImportant Factors Leading to Industrial Revolution1606 Words   |  7 PagesNowadays, it is almost taken for granted that the industrial revolutions are the result of changing technology and the proper application of that in the industrial production. However, from my point of view, these two factors did play a vital role in stimulating industrial revolutions, but they were not the only catalyzer propelling monumental development in industry. Influentially, the improvements in organizations of politics, social patterns, commerce, finance, and transportation alsoRead MoreIndustrial Revolutions During Europe During The Industrial Revolution1298 Words   |  6 PagesIndustrial Revolution in Europe Before the industrial revolution, Europe was mostly dominated by farmers but as the industrial revolution progressed this changed dramatically. Industrial revolution had a significant impact in the process by making new demands that shaped the way of life through increased competition and technological innovation. Generally, it was a historical period that sparked in a stroke a number numerous changes in the economic, social and political dimensions. It is considered

Ethics and Information Security Essay - 1125 Words

Ethics and Online Source Information What is Ethics? In my opinion, ethics give people free will to make right choices. People have free will to make choices that are governed with responsibility, accountability, and liability. We have a responsibility to perform in an ethical manner and be accountable for our choices or actions. Regardless of the circumstances and choices we make, there are consequences if we make the wrong choice. The question of whether an action or choice is ethical or not is fundamentally based on whether something is right or wrong. From an ethical standpoint, unethical choices and risky behavior can lead to increased liabilities. The liabilities result in the loss or damage sustained by a company or other party†¦show more content†¦A majority of the problems we face today can be traced back to use of the internet regardless of whether it was for work or personal use. Crimes such as identity theft can be considered as data breaches because they are unauthorized, sabotage, manipulation, an d fraud. How we deal with ethical dilemmas when confronted with decisions about how to treat confidential and personal information are the basis for business ethics. We should never hurriedly make decisions and lessen the severity of ethical dilemmas. Instead we should carefully to consider the facts, values, stakeholders involved, options available, and the potential loss or profit that will result from your choices or actions. Why is regulation needed? The current legislation exists because a large percentage of the population has exhibited unethical behavior that warrants legal intervention to prevent this behavior from reoccurring and to punish repeat offenses. Regulations such as The Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) and the Protect IP Act (PIPA) have recently made headlines. My interpretation of the Stop Online Piracy Act (SOPA) is that it protects the original owner of content or intellectual property from online piracy and theft. The online content or intellectual property is protected by copyright laws to prevent others from claiming it as original work. The Protect IP Act (PIPA) is an act which prevents someone from stealing the original owner’s content or intellectual property and profitingShow MoreRelatedEthical Issues Of Securing Data Security1682 Words   |  7 PagesName: Yesu Devendra Kumar Meruvu CUW ID: F00439850 Assignment: Term Project - Project 3 1. Topic: Data Security 2. Working Title: Ethical issues in Securing Data 3. Thesis Statement: In this paper the primary motive is to provide the ethical issues related to data security. This paper provides the ethical issues facing by the individuals even the security of the applications is so high. 4. Abstract: Ethical issues are the major concern in todays secured data communication and electronic commerceRead MoreThe Ethics And Ethics, Prevention And Protection1459 Words   |  6 PagesThe Security professional is a must to understand the law and ethics, prevention and protection, security issues and controlling the risk associated with the programs. The report would present the governance, policies, the implementation and procedures and the standards ensures the security of the organization. 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What you should do and don’t during practices ethics and security in banking:Read MoreEthics And The Enhanced Interrogation Techniques1726 Words   |  7 PagesETHICS AND THE ENHANCED INTERROGATION TECHNIQUES Introduction The military and the government security organs normally apply numerous methods in obtaining critical information about criminal activities. Some of these techniques are considered acceptable by the human rights and other non-governmental organizations while others are considered as violating the human rights as stated by the constitution of major countries and states. There has been a strong debate on the use of these techniques and manyRead MoreInformation Systems : Computer Ethics1525 Words   |  7 PagesBIS- 601 INFORMATION SYSTEMS COMPUTER ETHICS Submitted by Lakshmi Gajjarapu Student id: 665584 Global Id: gajja1l Email:gajja1l@cmich.edu INTRODUCTION: As the use of Computers have increased now-a-days with improvements in the technology which brings both advantages and disadvantages. Advantages comes with technological developments and disadvantages are like frauds happening using technology. These frauds using technology are called â€Å"Cyber-attacks† where intruders or hackersRead MoreAn Effective Information Security Program1289 Words   |  6 Pageson information security, by making them take the initiative in protecting information. This creates an information security culture in which everybody undertakes accountability for security. Chen, Ramamurthy, and Wei-Wen support the idea that while building the mindset of a security consciousness culture may be a long-term process SETA programs offer substantial support building a security culture within organizations (Chen, Ramamurthy, Wei Wen, 2015, p. 18). A decent information security programRead MoreEthics : Ethical And Ethical Values1591 Words   |  7 Pages1. Wha t is ethics? How are ethical values formed? Can ethics be taught or changed? Explain why ethics are important to MIS. How do ethics relate to laws and to codes of conduct? What are Kohlberg’s Six Stages of Moral Development and how does that relate to ethics in MIS? Ethics is defined as the branch of philosophy that involves organizing, defending and endorsing the concepts of right and wrong behavior. Several factors contribute to the formation of ethical values of an individual including familyRead MoreEthical Concerns Of Computer Technology1440 Words   |  6 Pagesconcerns in computing. 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Economic Models and Price Elasticity of Demand Estimates

Question: Discuss about theEconomic Models and Price Elasticity of Demand Estimates. Answer: Economic Models In this part, the researcher provides a precise discussion alongside evaluation of the accuracy of the statement, Economic models are false and so government should ignore their predictions. The self-serving point in relation to these models is that they are wrong in a strict perspective leave alone their incompleteness. A thorough scrutiny of these models unvaryingly discover that they vary from what they represent. Models like Production Possibility Frontier for example, has been used successfully to indicate the production possibilities of two products with fixed resources. It has enabled economist to showcase that production of a given commodity can solely rise when production of the other product is declined because of resource availability. PFF model has been used to measure efficiency in which two products can be produced jointly. This has assisted managers alongside leaders to decide appropriate mix of products that are most beneficial. Thus, this model has driven home an idea that opportunity costs usually come up where an economic organization with scarce resources have to decide between two options. A user of a give model need to be surprised when it is uncovered that model under consideration is incomplete and, therefore, false. Additionally, the falseness of a given model is arrived at with easiness. Many significant means through which a given model differs from that which it denotes can be recognized (Krugman, 2009). Models, however, remain usedness despite being false and hence give effective prediction of economic phenomena. Economist have persistently utilized these false models to predict different phenomena effectively and this rebuts the argument that such models should be discarded. Even though there is no single model that is 100 percent correct, it is equivalent to declining to use any model at all in case an economist discards a model simply because it is incomplete or false (Krugman, 2009). It is possible to distinguished useful models from useless one via scientific methods. Models have continued to useful because of their ability to simplify phenomena, though, models are untrue for this identical reason. Models are simplification/ and, therefore, they are false. The way by which models are simplifications may not be essential for particular purposes. However, the simplification might in fact make models significantly useful. Models, for instance, can be employed in the predication of income precisely (Krugman, 2009). A predictor is needed to know precisely number of commodities a firm will produce and sell in the future alongside the intended price levels. These forecasts hinge on economic particulars on how each prospective customer will act in the future. Because these details will remain unknown at the time of budget preparation, it stays inaccurate (Krugman, 2009). However, budgets are unanimously applied by the government aside such faults. It allows a company to decide as well as undertake effective planning, hence, achieve higher profits than it would be feasible in the absence of budget. The above discussion has revealed that the statement, Economic models are false and so government should ignore their predictions is accurate in part. It is accurate that economic models are all wrong but inaccurate that the government should ignore the prediction of economic models. It is a self-evident truth that economic models are useful tools for predictions and, therefore, the government should never discard the forecasts arrived at using economic models. Estimates of Price Elasticities Fundamental building block of economic theories is that snowballing (or declining) price of a commodity cuts (or surges) demand for a commodity. The PED gives a description of the degree to which use of a product drops or upsurges following a growth or a drip in its price. If PED for an item were extremely low-slung (inelastic), demand would deteriorate or upsurge only somewhat in response to vicissitudes in prices (Krugman, 2009). Where a price of a commodity is about 0.1 for instance, demand for this product would decline by just 0.1% for every percentage outpouring in price (Boland, 2014). Demand for a product with high PED would decrease extremely more brusquely in response to intensifications in prices. The list below gives estimated price elasticity of three different products: Air travel 2.4 Cigarettes 0.3 Salt 0.1 Specific brands of coffee 5.6 Water 0.2 Commenting on the Estimates Magnitudes The PED of a commodity is primarily determined by substitute products availability. A commodity with several close substitutes will possibly have a greater PED. The greater disposable f income of a consumer use to pay for product, the greater elasticity would be. The non-durable commodities higher elasticities are determined by the longer an alteration in price grips. The lower price elasticity is determined dictated by the more necessary a product is (Chen et al., 2014). The PED of, specific brands of coffee, cigarettes, air travel, water, as well as salt are selected for comment based on the PEDs magnitude with respect to determinants PED. The known determinants of PED are substitute goods availability, disposable income, degree of necessity, duration of price alteration, extensiveness of product definition, as well as brand loyalty (Galperin Ruzzier, 2013). Water (0.2) and salt (0.1) are necessity products. They have the lowest magnitude relatively in relation to PED. This is due to their greater necessity of a good, which means the lower the price elasticity of demand (Mueller et al., 2014). This implies that consumers will continuously try to purchase necessary products. Air travel on the other hand has a greater price elasticity since it is a luxury good (Azzopardi, 2014). Therefore, it tends to have larger magnitude with respect to price elasticity of demand. Initially, coffee had a less degree of necessity, however, it has turned to being a habit-forming commodity. Accordingly, coffee has become necessities to consumers hence it will have a lesser magnitude indicated by 0.3 value. Nonetheless, it is observable from the above list that the PED of specific brands of coffee has an upper price elasticity (5.6). This implies that specific brands of coffee have lower degree of necessities (Rios, McConnell Brue, 2013). Therefore, consumers will substitute it with other close substitute goods in case of a rise in the price. References Ahern, K. R. (2014). Do common stocks have perfect substitutes? Product market competition and the elasticity of demand for stocks. Review of Economics and Statistics, 96(4), 756-766. Galperin, H., Ruzzier, C. A. (2013). Price elasticity of demand for broadband: Evidence from Latin America and the Caribbean. Telecommunications Policy, 37(6), 429-438. Krugman, P. (2009). How did economists get it so wrong?. New York Times, 2(9), 2009. Rios, M. C., McConnell, C. R., Brue, S. L. (2013). Economics: Principles, problems, and policies. McGraw-Hill. Mueller, N. D., West, P. C., Gerber, J. S., MacDonald, G. K., Polasky, S., Foley, J. A. (2014). A tradeoff frontier for global nitrogen use and cereal production. Environmental Research Letters, 9(5), 054002. Chen, Y., Cook, W. D., Kao, C., Zhu, J. (2014). Network DEA pitfalls: Divisional efficiency and frontier projection. In Data Envelopment Analysis (pp. 31-54). Springer US. Boland, L. A. (2014). The Methodology of Economic Model Building (Routledge Revivals): Methodology After Samuelson. Routledge. Azzopardi, L. (2014, July). Modelling interaction with economic models of search. In Proceedings of the 37th international ACM SIGIR conference on Research development in information retrieval (pp. 3-12). ACM.

Managing Customer Relationships in Thailand Airline Industry

Executive Summary Over the past few decades, the worldwide airline industry has been grappling with some major challenges. Just a few of them are: the aftermath of September 11th attack in the US, the ever increasing and fluctuating world oil prices, the effects of the devastating global economic downturn, as well as political and social upheavals experienced in different parts of the world, particularly in the Arab countries over the decades.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Managing Customer Relationships in Thailand Airline Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More It is this challenge that has left most airlines with dwindling margins against rising costs of operations. One way to deal with these challenges is to employ mechanisms to ensure maximum profitability and improved income with minimal or no wastage at all. But to be successful in the long run, companies should have strategies that must improve custo mer relations (Suriya 2009). To attract, acquire, serve and effectively retain the customers, is the best approach to recover from the effects of these financial challenges. This is why the use of customer service management has become a critical part of any company that wants to build a strong customer loyalty and beneficial relationship. The application of CRM to the airline industry has been on for a long time. However, the service has always been exclusive to first class and business passengers leaving the rest of other passengers without any services of such type (Jiang 2003). It has become clear that the only way to build long lasting customer relations in phase of the foregoing challenges is to ensure that companies employ more focused customer relations management that cuts across all the clients according to their demands. Recently, the challenges accruing from the changing economy, as well as the adoption of e-business are significant challenges that will also be examined here. This last aspect has been the driving factor behind the application of e-CRM, a component that is also described here (IBM Corporation 2008). Industry Overview There is no doubt that the invention of air travelling has not only collapsed the globe but has also contributed significantly to the exotic experience that has allowed the masses to move conveniently and do much business across the globe. It started from the recorded history of the activities of 1930s.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More It was however in 1952, when the airplane and commercial travel as we know it today was realized. This was after the Board of Directors at Boeing Company authorized the manufacture of the first jet airplane, the project 367-80 and which we also know as 707 (Airline monitor 2006). This was the first successful commercial airplane and its success has led to the replacement of the sh ip, as well as the craft, as the means of choice for mass transport across continents (Airline monitor 2006). This merger was a mutually beneficial one in which the SAS contributed as mush as 30% of the initial capital, expertise and training to the Thai Airways company. To date, Thai Airways International Public Company (THAI) is the leading airline in the industry and it is wholly owned by the Thai people. It is the major carrier in the international and regional front (eTN 2009). Other airways mainly flying or operating domestic flights in Thai include the Nok Airways, Bangkok Airways, Business Air, Happy Air, Solar Air and Thai Air Asia among others (Thai Technic.com n.d.). Customer Relationship Management in the Thailand Airline Industry-Current state of affairs The program must ensure personalized attention to the customer and has to be consistent, proactive and experienced in all the points of contact between the airline and its clientele. It is also of great importance that any such endeavor must be an organization wide approach to secure the interest of all the clientele of an airline. The employees of an airline organization must be empowered to deliver an ultimate unforgettable customer experience. It is imperative the Thai airlines must be prepared to handle all its customers right, the first time, every time and at any place or point of touch with the airlines (Suriya 2009). Figure 1 illustrate the Key Elements of CRM Architecture. Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Managing Customer Relationships in Thailand Airline Industry specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Figure 1: Key Elements of CRM Architecture (Munusamy et al. 2011) Objectives The application of CRM in the Thai Airlines can help ease the cash drought and the ever increasing competition from major international airlines. The year 2010 saw a reduction in the profitability of most airlines all across Thailand. The culprits of this fall were the political clashes which resulted in the entire major airways; Thai airways international PLC, Airport of Thailand PLC, recording reduction and falling number of passenger travels. Moreover, shutdown of the European airspace in April 2010 buttressed this situation. The country recorded about 7% decline in flights to India according to Phromchanya and Setthasiriphaiboon (2010). At the same time, declines were reported on flights to China, South Korea, and Japan. This decline saw the introduction of some strategies to help protect the industry from further losses. The strategies included special ticket deals, and reducing the frequency of some routes. In the same year, the Thai air traffic had targeted a growth rate of 10% and which was really affected by the unfolding events. In spite of this, the year 2012 was expected to be a good year for improved tourism activity in Thailand as reported by Wood (2012). The countries’ economy was expected to bounce back from the effects of the man made and natural disasters of 2010. To ensure a responsive airline in Thailand, the airlines need to embrace CRM. Specifically this development will ensure the following objectives. To ensure revenue improvement for the airlines. To ensure savings best running of CRM. To ensure collaboration among all the players in the airline sector that will result in stability and profitability (Jiang 2003). Strategy Adoption of the CRM in Thai Airline industry must be based on a strategy that takes into account the challenges of dwindling fortunes, the fluctuating world oil prices, the fierce competition from other international players in this field, as well as the understanding the challenge put forward by the fact that customers are being spoiled having an access to a broad choice with a more flexible system that can easily allow them to defect from one airline to another (IBM Corporation 2008). The following strategic adjustments are bound to bring about the b est success for the Thailand airlines. The first strategy should be to embrace the Information technology and World Wide Web to ensure that customers can book and make enquiries about the airlines 24 hours a day.Advertising Looking for report on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This will reduce the sales cost by eliminating the travel agents. The last strategy is to embrace the usage of e-CRM to help attract retain customers and improve customer loyalty (IBM Corporation 2008). The Drivers of CRM The business environment will continue to be fierce The business environment for the airline industry has been froth with numerous challenges that has revealed the fierce nature of the competition that the airline companies must sustain in order that they stay in business. From the ever fluctuating prices, the increasing competition from world’s major airlines and the open business environment, Thai Airline industry operates against a backdrop of major challenges. These challenges force the Thai Airlines to be prepared to learn and track the needs, behaviors and the lifestyle of their clientele. It is only by using this information for value positioning that the Thai Airlines would be able to attain customer loyalty. This information will also ensure selecti ve competitive advantage and unique positioning all necessary to thrive against the competition. This calls for deeper application of the CRM within each organization (IBM Corporation 2008). The cost of attracting and Retention of customer loyalty gets exorbitant As it has been mentioned previously, the e-business and the new economy have bred challenges to the airline businesses across the globe. It is this heightened activity that has left many airlines putting in place all manner of plans to woo and keep their customers.. According to Chen and Popovich (2003) a company loses 50% of its customers after every five years. This indicates that companies are always at a state of flux which involves attracting new customers every so often. In the same report, Kalakota, reports that it takes 5 to10 times more resources to acquire a new customer as it would take to keep old ones (Chen Popovich 2003). This is a clear reason for encouraging companies to retain customers based on long term relationship as opposed to always looking for new ones. More challenging is the fact that the recent developments in the liberalizations of the airline industry that begun from the early 1970, has led to customers wielding real customer power that leaves the airline companies with no choice but to put in place mechanisms to retain their customers if they wish to stay afloat leave alone to thrive. Customer relations therefore remain key to ensure airline growth and this is the very reason Airlines in Thailand can no longer ignore the CRM approach (Airline Monitor 2006). Developments in information Technology has led businesses to afford use of CRM effectively The changes in the information technology front have made the actualization of CRM such as challenging task for many organizations. At the same time, this change may be considered a fundamental advantage in leveraging on old customer relation strategy that if effectively employed, would result in improved sales and profitability for the airline industry. In any given trip, a traveler is likely to have multiple interactions with the representatives of an airline company with each interaction giving the traveler a chance to judge the level of service offered to them by the airline (Suriya 2009). All these interaction points make uniform and consistent delivery of awesome customer experience even more challenging. This can effectively be resolved by creation of customer contact centers as avenues to ensure excellent customer experience, the first time, every time, and at all points of interaction in all areas (Hutchinson 2012). Some of the possible advantages of the CRM in the airline industry are captured in the figure 1 below adopted from (Phisanu and Piyarat 2010). Figure 2: Benefits of a CRM Strategy (Case Study 2008) Leveraging CRM to e-CRM As companies strive to move from CRM to e-CRM, the swift is likely to bring gains for the Thailand Airline industry. Specifically, e-CRM is likely to reduce customer defection, as it allows for more efficient handling of the customer while at the same time allows for their complaints to be handled in real time through the customer contact centers. Second, a company is able to achieve increased competitive differentiation and value positioning that is unlikely to be aped by others. This is possible as the company personalizes each customer experience in a way that is unique to customers’ satisfaction. The airlines will be able to improve brand image, experience high customer loyalty and thus rank in more income. This improvement comes as the increase in a companies’ market share, as well as a healthy bottom line (Hutchinson 2012). Successful CRM and e-CRM Strategies in the Thailand Airline Industry Airlines and any other businesses for that matter have a chance to ensure improved attraction and retention of customers if only they allow all the activities to be customer centric. This includes their operations, strategies and all are as of business. Thailand Airlines might use the model below that shows the various interactions between the various micro and macro-environments in which the airlines operate (Case Study 2008). Figure 3 Airline e-CRM system model Drivers of change in the Thailand Airline Industry and implications for  Changes in CRM strategies over the next three years As we approach the next few years we can only say that the appreciation of CRM as a customer attraction and retention model within the airline industry has just begun. The challenge is unparalleled, but Thai Airline has done well to apply this concept in the face of the very many challenges they face. The key drivers of change within Thailand’s Airline industry can be summarized as: The desire to better connect customers to the airline more conveniently. To utilize the digital information sharing that leads to reduced cost of sales and overheads. The desire to compress place and time for customers. Last is the need to have CRM updated in real time (aMaDEUS 2012). And with these changes Thai Airlines can be prepared to fly high and compete even with the worlds’ best airline companies. Figure 4. Source; (Munusamy et al. 2011) The Future CRM focus activities in Thai Airlines for the next three years Based on the key drivers listed here, there is an emerging trend in the nature of activities that shall be the mainstay of the implementation CRM strategies in the Thai Airline Industry. Facing fears competition due to the rapid changes, occurring in the Thai Airline industry, the major players have very limited time within which to respond to theses challenges or else face dire consequences. The next ten years is surely going to be a reaping time depending on what a company has sown with regard to activities that are directly a manifestation of this delicate industry. Obviously, there has been a very serious misunderstanding of CRM applications in some industries where, instead of giving it a long t erm approach, many Airlines have looked at this as a distinct component that they often airline to common flying practices. The challenge of these three years must be a shift in the operationalisation of the CRM application and adoption or implementation. Customer relationship that caters for the very value and need s of the customer must be the focus of the current implementers of this strategy. Airline companies must strive to optimize the activities that generate positive customer feed back that attracts productivity and loyalty. It is only this approach that will ensure that the companies augment and keep generation revenue for the development of the very crucial functions within the competitive environment in which they operate. They must focus on creating mechanism to get hold of and hang on to their high value customers with lots of precision to ensure improved results. The strategies of CRM that ensure reduction of costs of operations awhile guaranteeing customers the ultima te experience must be the core of all customer relation mechanisms put forth by the Thai Airlines (Munusamy et al. 2010). Conclusion Of late, the factors such as the pre-flight boarding services, cabin crew handling and their positioning, as well as the services offered are closely related to the extent to which customers feel catered for (Munusamy et al. 2010). The overriding finding is that most airlines world wide and the Thailand in particular do not only look at price differentiation as the only way to attract and retain customers. The customers are now more than ever before have now focuses on issues of building better relationships with their airlines. CRM implementation must therefore focus on bringing about a holistic airline commitment that embodies the decision of every one within the organization and particularly starting from the top management. There must be a clear distinction between the frequent flyer progrmammes offered by most airline companies and the requirement s of the much desired change in the implementation of the new CRM technology. It is evident that the reliance of most companies on the segmentation of their clients based only on mileage is an idea that has been overtaken by the many unprecedented events and changes happening in the Global airline industry as a whole. Companies are in a better position to facilitate their business and client segmentation based on the value and the needs of these clients. The initial segmentation criteria had the problem of overlooking the fundamental and unique differences of the needs of most of the customers leaving high value customers discontent with the services offered. Moreover companies must act boldly and courageously to avoid acting as followers but as leaders in the very field where they operate. They must be creative and innovative to capture their high value customers and corresponding revenue. The needs of the new market environment demands that the organizations design management syst ems which are customer oriented and cutting across the whole organization. They must help their employees to understand the challenge to have a complete view of the customer and to offer their leadership and supporting role to ensure successful implementation of the CRM. The use of CRM is seen as the best bet for the airline industry to attract and retain customers with a bid to aging out competition while maintaining customer loyalty. It however unfolds that companies will have to adopt both e-CRM and CRM at the same time so as to take advantage of the developments in IT, as well as on internet (Paul Hartmann 2003). The development of customer analysis tools that support quick decision making by organizations should be the focus of e-CRM. This must be accompanied by the laying out of a support infrastructure. It is this customer information that is vital for the understanding of the different levels of services required based on genuine customer value. Use of e-CRM will definitely lead to better operational decisions and act as a tool for both long term and short tem efficiencies. The Airlines will reap from a strong relationship management with the benefits of enjoying long term growth in spite of the competition. Reference List Airline monitor 2006, A review of trends in the airline and commercial industry Airlines 101- A Brief History of the Airline and Commercial Aircraft Industries, http://www.airlinemonitor.com/tutorial.html. aMaDEUS 2012, From Chaos to collaboration- Insight into the future of travel, http://www.amadeus.com/blog/11/01/from-chaos-to-collaboration-insight-into-the-future-of-travel?SEM=Google_futuretourism_airline_industry. Case Study 2008, Classic Airlines Scenario, http://www.case_studies.com. Chen, I Popovich, K 2003, â€Å"Understanding customer relationship management (CRM): People, process and technology†, Business Process Management Journal, vol. 9, no. 5, pp.672–688. eTN 2009, Thai and Nok air join forces to boot domestic and regional air travel, http://www.eturbonews.com/13325/thai-and-nok-air-join-forces-boost-domestic-and-regional-air-tra. Hutchinson, D 2012, Customer experience management in the airline industry, http://www.gcem.org/eng/content_details.jsp?contentid=2025subjectid=101 . IBM Corporation 2008, Customer Focused Airline: A Vision for Airline CRM, http://www-07.ibm.com/solutions/in/travel/pdf/May27_Customer_Focused_Airline.pdf. Jiang, H 2003, Application of e-CRM to the Airline Industry, http://ausweb.scu.edu.au/aw03/papers/jiang/paper.html. Munusamy, J, Chelliah, S Pandian, S 2011, â€Å"Customer Satisfaction Delivery In Airline Industry In Malaysia: A Case of Low Cost Carrier†, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, vol.5, no.11, pp. 718-723. Paul, H Hartmann, J 2003, â€Å"The World Airline Industry: A European Perspective†,  Fachhochschule Mainz Case Series, p. 303. Phisanu and Piyarat 2010, Thai airline industry traffic passengers down, http: //www.eturbonews.com/15778/thai-airline-industry-traffic-passenger-numbers-are-down. Phromchanya, P Setthasiriphaiboon, P 2010, Thai airline industry: Traffic, passenger numbers are down, http://www.eturbonews.com/15778/thai-airline-industry-traffic-passenger-numbers-are-down| Apr 27, 2010. Suriya, C 2009, â€Å"The impact of low-cost airline to airline industry: An experience of Thailand†, Journal of Economi Malaysia, vol. 43, pp. 3-25. Thai Technic.com n. d., Airlines in Thailand, http://www.thaitechnics.com/thai-airlines.html Wood, A 2012, Upbeat prediction for Thailand tourism from new Skal Thailand national president, http://www.eturbonews.com/28155/upbeat-prediction-thailand-tourism-new-skal-thailand-national-pr. This report on Managing Customer Relationships in Thailand Airline Industry was written and submitted by user Keith V. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Sterilization in Nazi Germany

Sterilization in Nazi Germany In the 1930s, the Nazis introduced a massive, compulsory sterilization of a large segment of the German population. What could cause the Germans to do this after having already lost a large segment of their population during World War I? Why would the German people let this happen? The Concept of The Volk As social Darwinism and nationalism merged during the early twentieth century, the concept of the Volk was established. Quickly, the idea of the Volk extended to various biological analogies and was shaped by the contemporary beliefs of heredity. Especially in the 1920s, analogies of the German Volk (or German people) began surfacing, describing the German Volk as a biological entity or body. With this concept of the German people as one biological body, many believed that sincere care was needed to keep the body of the Volk healthy. An easy extension of this thought process was if there was something unhealthy within the Volk or something that could harm it, it should be dealt with. Individuals within the biological body became secondary to the needs and importance of the Volk. Eugenics and Racial Categorization Since eugenics and racial categorization were in the forefront of modern science during the early twentieth century, the hereditary needs of the Volk were deemed of significant importance. After the First World War ended, the Germans with the best genes were thought to have been killed in the war while those with the worst genes did not fight and could now easily propagate.1 Considering the new belief that the body of the Volk was more important than individual rights and needs, the state had the authority to do whatever necessary to help the Volk. Sterilization Laws in Pre-war Germany The Germans were not the creators nor the first to implement governmentally sanctioned forced sterilization. The United States, for instance, had already enacted sterilization laws in half its states by the 1920s which included forced sterilization of the criminally insane as well as others. The first German sterilization law was enacted on July 14, 1933 - only six months after Hitler became Chancellor. The Law for the Prevention of Genetically Diseased Offspring (the Sterilization Law) allowed the forced sterilization for anyone suffering from genetic blindness, hereditary deafness, manic depression, schizophrenia, epilepsy, congenital feeblemindedness, Huntingtons chorea (a brain disorder), and alcoholism. The Process of Sterilization Doctors were required to register their patients with genetic illness to a health officer as well as petition for the sterilization of their patients who qualified under the Sterilization Law. These petitions were reviewed and decided by a three-member panel in the Hereditary Health Courts. The three-member panel was made up of two doctors and a judge. In the case of insane asylums, the director or doctor who made the petition also often served on the panels that made the decision whether or not to sterilize them.2 The courts often made their decision solely on the basis of the petition and perhaps a few testimonies. Usually, the appearance of the patient was not required during this process. Once the decision to sterilize had been made (90 percent of the petitions that made it to the courts in 1934 ended up with the result of sterilization) the doctor that had petitioned for the sterilization was required to inform the patient of the operation.3 The patient was told that there would be no deleterious consequences.4 Police force was often needed to bring the patient to the operating table. The operation itself consisted of ligation of the fallopian tubes in women and a vasectomy for men. Klara Nowak was forcibly sterilized in 1941. In a 1991 interview, she described what effects the operation still had on her life. Well, I still have many complaints as a result of it. There were complications with every operation I have had since. I had to take early retirement at the age of fifty-two - and the psychological pressure has always remained. When nowadays my neighbors, older ladies, tell me about their grandchildren and great-grandchildren, this hurts bitterly, because I do not have any children or grandchildren, because I am on my own, and I have to cope without anyones help.5 Who Was Sterilized? Asylum inmates consisted of thirty to forty percent of those sterilized. The main reason for sterilization was so that the hereditary illnesses could not be passed on  in  offspring, thus contaminating the Volks gene pool. Since asylum inmates were locked away from society, most of them had a relatively small chance of reproducing. The main target of the sterilization program were those people with a slight hereditary illness and who were at an age of being able to reproduce. Since these people were among society, they were deemed the most dangerous. Since slight hereditary illness is rather ambiguous and the category feebleminded is extremely ambiguous, some people were sterilized for their  asocial  or anti-Nazi beliefs and behavior. The belief in stopping hereditary illnesses soon expanded to include all the people within the east whom Hitler  wanted eliminated. If these people were sterilized, the theory went, they could provide a temporary  workforce  as well as slowly create Lebensraum (room to live for the German Volk). Since the Nazis were now thinking of sterilizing millions of people, faster, non-surgical ways to sterilize were needed. Inhuman Nazi Experiments The usual operation for sterilizing women had a relatively long recovery period - usually between a week and fourteen days. The Nazis wanted a faster and perhaps unnoticeable way to sterilize millions. New ideas emerged and camp prisoners at Auschwitz and at Ravensbrà ¼ck were used to test the various new methods of sterilization. Drugs were given. Carbon dioxide was injected. Radiation and X-rays were administered. The Lasting Effects of Nazi Atrocity By 1945, the Nazis had sterilized an estimated 300,000 to 450,000 people. Some of these people soon after their sterilization also were victims of the Nazi euthanasia program. While many others were forced to live with this feeling of loss of rights and invasion of their persons as well as a future of knowing that they would never be able to have children. Notes 1. Robert Jay Lifton,  The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide  (New York, 1986) p. 47.2. Michael Burleigh,  Death and Deliverance: Euthanasia in Germany 1900-1945  (New York, 1995) p. 56.3. Lifton,  Nazi Doctors  p. 27.4. Burleigh,  Death  p. 56.5. Klara Nowak as cited in Burleigh,  Death  p. 58. Bibliography Annas, George J.  and  Michael A. Grodin.  The Nazi Doctors and the Nuremberg Code: Human Rights in Human Experimentation. New York, 1992. Burleigh, Michael.  Death and Deliverance: Euthanasia in Germany 1900-1945. New York, 1995. Lifton, Robert Jay.  The Nazi Doctors: Medical Killing and the Psychology of Genocide. New York, 1986.

Foreign Exchange Market Intervention Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2500 words

Foreign Exchange Market Intervention - Essay Example Author also note, though, an obvious experiential puzzle concerning the secrecy of much intervention and propose an additional way in which intervention may be effectual but which has so far conventional little concentration in the literature, namely from side to side its role in remedying a harmonization failure in the foreign exchange market (Adams, Donald and Dale W., 2003). In this research author assess the development made by the profession in understanding whether and how exchange rate intervention works. To this ending, author appraisal the theory and confirmation on official intervention, absorbed primarily on work published surrounded by the last decade or so. According to the expert analysis this reading of the latest literature leads us to terminate that, in difference by the profession's consensus view of the 1980s, official intervention can be effectual, particularly through its role as a signal of policy intentions, and particularly when it is publicly make known and concentrated. Author also note, though, an evident empirical puzzle relating to the secrecy of much intervention and put forward an supplementary way in which intervention may be effectual but which has so far conventional little notice in the literature, namely from side to side its role in remedying a harmonization breakdown in the foreign exchange market (Agnor, 2004, pp. 1-1 6). Accor... Whether or not official exchange rate intervention is effective in authority exchange rates, and the means by which it does so, are issues of critical policy significance, and they have been the subject of a enormous academic and policy-related literature. Given the policy significance of official intervention, it is perhaps not astonishing that this literature has been the venue for a considerable and ongoing economic argument. Insofar as a consensus is perceptible betauthoren economists and policy makers relating to the efficiency and attractiveness of exchange rate intervention, it come into view to have shifted quite a few times over the past quarter of a century (Agnor, 2002, pp. 357-94). At the time of the fall down of the Bretton Woods adaptable peg exchange rate system in the early 1970s, when the poauthorrlessness of the authorities to hold the parities in the face of enormous tentative attacks had it seems that been demonstrated only too authorll, the profession appeared poauthorrfully to favor a pure float, connecting zero intervention. The 1970s experience with floating exchange rates among the main industrialized countries, and the ensuing instability of both nominal and real exchange rates, though, led to a shift in this agreement so that, by the late 1970s, equally economists and policy makers chiefly of countries which had undergo a considerable loss in competitiveness often criticized the U.S. authorities for not which capital could move among urbanized countries, the prevailing consensus betauthoren economists, policy makers and foreign exchange market practitioners throughout the early 1980s come into view to

Lifting the Veil- Prest V Petrodel Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Lifting the Veil- Prest V Petrodel - Essay Example Whenever a company is formed as a separate entity, it acquires the capacity and authority to have its own rights and duties (Gibson, 1988). It can be observed that once the company has been incorporated, it can then be viewed as a separate or independent person with legal rights and liabilities. The popular case of Salomon v Salomon& Co [1897] AC 22 (Hl) illustrates this point. Salomon was the sole owner of the organization and he decides to turn the business venture into a limited company having realised that it had great potential. Salomon got ?10  000 in debentures from the shareholders which were acquired through a bond of the company’s assets. Unfortunately, the deal did not materialise given that the company was later liquidated and the assets were sold and the shareholders were left out. The court upheld that the company was just like Salomon since it was treated just like an individual person. Essentially, it can be seen that the concept of corporate personality is m ainly concerned with maintaining the identity of a company through establishing what is known as corporate veil (Gibson, 1988). However, in certain instances, the court ignores the existence of the legal person in what is termed â€Å"piercing the corporate veil† (Cillers et al, 2004). ... Some people tend to use the aspect of corporate veil to suppress other people since it can also act as a shield to protect their properties. Whenever, a company is viewed as a separate entity, it ceases to belong to an individual but it can stand on its own. However, under certain circumstances, it can be seen that this status can be pierced by the court where necessary. The Supreme Court (12,June 2013) case of Prest (Appellant) v Petrodel Resources Limited & Others (Respondents) [2013] UKSC 34 On appeal from: [2012] EWCA Civ 1395, outlines the proceedings for financial remedies following a divorce between Michael and Yasmin Prest. The appellant argues that she should get remedies from the sale of companies belonging to the Petrodel Group which apparently were wholly owned and controlled by Michael Prest, her husband. The Supreme Court case outline also states that â€Å"Under Section 24(1)(a) of the Matrimonial Causes Act 1973 (â€Å"the 1973 Act†), the court may order that â€Å"a party to the marriage shall transfer to the other party†¦such property as may be so specified, being property to which the first-mentioned party is entitled, either in possession or reversion.† In the judgement of this case, it was unanimously agreed that appeal by Yasmin Prest was valid given that the seven disputed properties were â€Å"property to which the [husband] is entitled, either in possession or reversion† hence, they belonged to him. In this case, the respondents argued that the properties belonged to the company not the husband. However, in passing judgement, â€Å"the Court confirmed that there is a principle of English law which enables a court in very limited circumstances to pierce the corporate veil† such as the

Employer rights and responsibilities workbook Essay Example for Free

Employer rights and responsibilities workbook Essay 1.1 Equal opportunity: Equal and fair treatment, ensuring that people have equal access to opportunities and that the diversity of the work forces in value. * Equal Pay Act 1970 and its implementation Act 1975: to insure that men and woman would receive the same pay and conditions. * Sex Discrimination Act 1995 and Regulation 2003: to insure that men and woman are treated equally and fairly at workplace. * Disability Discrimination Act 1975: to deal with discrimination against an employee or potential employee because of their disability. 1.2 Employment protection: Outlines the duties, rights and responsibilities of employers and employees. * Employment Act 2002: to give additional rights to the employment. * Employment Rights Act 1996: Where employees are entitled to maternity and paternity leave and termination of employees. * Employment Relations Act 2004: to deal with employee relations and the operation of the statutory recognition for trade unions. 1.3 Health and Safety: Laws that keeps everyone safe and reduce hazard and manage skills, at work. * Health and Safety at work Act 1974: to raise the standard of health and safety for all individuals at work and to ensure the environment is safe and non hazardous to the health of employees. The employer and employee have common responsibility for health and safety. Read more:Â  Statutory Responsibilities and Rights of Employees and Employers Essay Task 2. * Job contract. * HR Department. * Policy and Procedures. * Team leader, NW manager, etc. * Job description (terms and conditions). * Citizen Advisory Bureau. * Unison. * Solicitor. * Employment Tribunal. * Advice agencies. Task 3. * Grievance procedure: Any grievance to the terms and conditions of employment should be discussed with manager. If the matter is not solved then it should be pursued with the grievance policy. * Disciplinary matters: The Trust has a Disciplinary procedure policy in the HR Department and also at the work place. Any breach of the Disciplinary rules will lead to disciplinary action, including dismissal. If the employee is dissatisfied with the formal disciplinary action then the employee has the right to appeal within 21 days of written confirmation of the disciplinary action taken. The aim of the Disciplinary Procedure for all staff of the trust is to ensure uniformity of treatment between one individual and another and between one group of staff and another. To ensure justice for individual employees, to provide protection to the efficiency and smooth running of the trust, work place, etc. This procedure applies to all the staff employed by the trust. * Rehabilitation of offenders Act: The employee is required to disclose to the trust of any caution, conviction, bind-over’s, motoring convictions or police proceedin gs. The employee is also required to apply for CRB. * Confidentiality: An employee has a duty of confidence to patients and a duty to maintain professional ethical standards of confidentiality. Under the Data Protection Act 1998 anyone working with personal information in any form must ensure it remains confidential and that only people who need the information have access to it and that only minimum information necessary is processed. Task 4. Employee number- It is a number assigned to an employee by the employer. Employee name Name of the person who is an employee. Tax code – This is number followed by a letter. It tells the amount of tax to the employer to be deducted from employee. This is based on information given by HMRC. National Insurance Number – It is a personal and unique number of an employee, who keeps it throughout his/her life during/ when applying for employment. Net pay year to date This section shows how much have been paid in the financial year. It shows how much National Insurance and tax have been made. Pay before deductions (gross pay) – The amount of employees wages before deduction of tax, pension and national insurance. The deductions made for income tax – This is a tax on each individuals income paid to the national government to spend on other services such as NHS, Defense, social security and public services. The deductions for a pension – A deduction from the employee wages for his/her retirement and to increase the income for pensioner. The amount you actually receive (after deductions) – It is the totally amount (net) of money the employee will take home after all the deductions have been made. Task 5. Grievance policy: Grievance is a dispute between employer and employee. It is basically any disagreement between them. Regarding to the grievance policy at work: * Employers should have their grievance procedure in writing and make sure that all staff are aware of any policy or procedure. * At early stage, the grievance has to be given a chance to be dealt informally with the immediate line manager. Pursuing the formal routine should be a last resort rather than the first option. * Employees should let the employer know the nature of the grievance and issue on time. * Employers are responsible to arrange any formal meeting without unreasonable delay to investigate and to establish the facts of the case. * Employers should allow the employee to be accompanied at any formal meeting and should permit the employee the right to appeal against any formal decision made. Task 6. Personal information kept by my employer about myself is: Name, Date of birth, bank details, NIC umber, address, telephone number, next of kin, tax code, education and qualification, training and courses attended, CRB check, personal health or any health conditions. Employers need to keep some personal information about their employees, as required by law and some for employer’s purpose, as well as in line with Data Protection Act 2003. Under the Data Act 1998, employees are entitled to have access to their own personal information, in order to verify or correct any inaccuracy. Stored – ESR, Electronic records. Access Network Manager, Manager, HR Department. Task 7. My Role, Responsibilities and job description: I carry out my role and duties with full responsibility that are agreed in my job description in line with the Policy Procedure of the organization, as well as Health and safety. My role, responsibilities and job description include: * Being a Key worker, I need to support Service users to convene, set dates and invite identified individuals to their PCP at least once every 4months. * Support service users to access activities of their choice within and around the local community. * Support service users who wish to go on holiday, to plan and access holidays of their choice. * Ensure all the assessments/paperwork for service users are completed. * Ensure any items purchased by service users or on their behalf are recorded on inventories. * Ensure that service user’s health records are up dated and reflect their current health and outcome of appointment attended. * Attend training courses/meetings to update/maintain knowledge and skills to carry out Support Worker/ key worker role effectively. * Where required work with professionals, in order to dev elop and set up appropriate guidelines for service users. * Support service users to attend health appointments and if possible a Key worker should attend the appoint ment to make sure there is continuity. * Ensure to bring to attention of the Team leader/Network manager of issues related to Service users which affect their health or prevent them from achieving goal/action. General Responsibilities: * To support all service users at home with their daily routine eg personal care, dressing, meals, etc. * To support service users to be as independent as possible by promoting independence in all aspects of their lives. * To offer choice in all aspects of daily living. * To provide a clean and pleasant home environment, in both private area and communal areas. * To provide support to service users to attend their activities and appointments e.g. shopping, family visits, disco, etc. * To administer medication and maintain accurate record of Marr Sheet, financial transactions and record any accidents or incidents which may occur. My role affects the running of the setting by carrying out my duties responsibilities as team member and by working in the best interests of the service users, as I am providing emotional, moral and practical support according to their needs. Task 8. Other health professionals are: * GP/Doctor. * Nurse/ District nurse. * Physiotherapist. * Dentist. * Reflexologist. * Psychologist. * Psychiatrist * Speech and Language therapist. * Care manager. * Social services. * Chiropodist/ podiatrist. * Epilepsy Dr/Nurse. * Opticians. My role is to assist these Health Professionals to carry out their duty/job according to their profession in order to improve the health of service users. These health professionals may provide: * Offer advice, information, diagnosis or treatment related to the service user. * May prescribe medicine/ drugs or may refer to another professional for further tests/opinions. * Advice support worker/key worker to carry out the treatment at home or use the equipment out home eg Flowtron boots. * Advice support worker to carry out the guidelines and report of any changes which may be harmful for service user or treatment not improving the health of the service user. It is my responsibility to work alongside the health professionals to ensure the well being of the service users and to provide them the services they need to be in good health. Task 9. * Team leader. * Network manager. * Operational manager. * Social worker. * Physiotherapist. * Podiatrist. * Nursing e.g. children, adults, mental health. * Reflexologist. * Occupational therapist. * Health care jobs: Ambulance Care assistant. * Speech and language therapist. Task 10. My own professional development plans: Short term: I would like to complete NVQ3. Medium term: To update my mandatory and other trainings according to my employer. Look for any other new things going on in my work sector. Long term: look and find a Diploma/degree which is interesting to me. Then according my knowledge and skills, I would like to apply for that Diploma/degree course in a college or university, where available. Task 11. Issue: Cost cutting. Key points in favor: To save money for the future. Key points against: Lack of resources. Providing poor health care. Low morale among staff. Issue: Privatization of NHS. Key points in favor: To build a better health care sector. To provide better quality of care. Key points against: Good quality of care will be provided to a person who can afford it but not everyone. Employers may not like the strict terms and conditions of the job. Old and vulnerable people may not receive good quality of care as they may not afford it as they are on benefits/pension, etc.

Essay --

Seeing a family member taking medication can be very frightening for an eleven year old child, for me however, it was fascinating to see how a single pill can affect the human body. Ever since, I’ve been intrigued by how something so small could have such an impact on one’s quality of life. Over the past years I developed an interest in the science involved in drug discovery, mechanisms and the effect of drugs on body metabolism. Pursuing a career as a pharmacologist; I feel compelled to contribute to the exciting and ever changing field of pharmacological science that has the power to save someone’s life. Studying chemistry and biology at A-level; I have come to appreciate their value within the context of health. In biology, I am fascinated with how the nervous system behaves in the presence of certain chemical compounds found in existing drugs. An area of study during my A2 chemistry course is ‘what’s in medicine?’ I found this topic thought-provoking as it helped me develop my knowledge of how medicinal drugs are synthesized. Furthermore it aided me to comprehend the effect of ... Essay -- Seeing a family member taking medication can be very frightening for an eleven year old child, for me however, it was fascinating to see how a single pill can affect the human body. Ever since, I’ve been intrigued by how something so small could have such an impact on one’s quality of life. Over the past years I developed an interest in the science involved in drug discovery, mechanisms and the effect of drugs on body metabolism. Pursuing a career as a pharmacologist; I feel compelled to contribute to the exciting and ever changing field of pharmacological science that has the power to save someone’s life. Studying chemistry and biology at A-level; I have come to appreciate their value within the context of health. In biology, I am fascinated with how the nervous system behaves in the presence of certain chemical compounds found in existing drugs. An area of study during my A2 chemistry course is ‘what’s in medicine?’ I found this topic thought-provoking as it helped me develop my knowledge of how medicinal drugs are synthesized. Furthermore it aided me to comprehend the effect of ...